L' ORDRE DU GRAND DUC GEDIMINAS EST UNE RÉCOMPENSE PRÉSIDENTIELLE POUR HONORER LES CITOYENS LITUANIENS DANS LEURS ACTIONS CIVILES. IL EST RÉINSTAURÉ APRÈS AVOIR ÉTÉ CRÉE EN 1928. IL SYMBOLISE LES COLONNES DE GEDIMINAS, UN SYMBOLE FONDATEUR LITUANIEN. L'ORDRE EST AUSSI DÉCERNÉ AUX ÉTRANGERS.
L'ORDRE SE DIVISE EN CINQ CATÉGORIES : PREMIÈRE CLASSE (GRAND CROIX), DEUXIÈME CLASSE (GRAND CROIX DE COMMANDANT), TROISIÈME CLASSE (COMMANDANT), QUATRIÈME CLASSE (OFFICER)ET CINQUIÈME CLASSE (CHEVALIER). LE RUBAN EST JAUNE AVEC DEUX GROUPES DE COLONNES BRUNES DE CHAQUE CÔTÉ. LA MÉDAILLE PORTE DEUX CROIX CONCENTRIQUES DÉCALÉS, UNE CROIX, VERTICALE, DORÉE REPREND LE SYMBOLE DU TRIDENT SUR CHAQUE BRANCHE. L'AUTRE CROIX DE BIAIS EST BLANCHE SUR FOND NOIR. AU CENTRE LE SYNBOLE HÉRALDIQUE DE LA LITUANIE EN MÉDAILLON. LES DEUX PREMIERS DEGRÉS SE PORTENT AVEC UNE PLAQUE, LA MÉDAILLE SUR FOND D'UNE ÉTOILE À NEUF BRANCHES. LE TROISIÈME DEGRÉS SE PORTE AVEC UN NOEUD ET EN CELA RESSEMBLE AU PORT DE LA LÉGION D'HONNEUR.
HTTP://FR.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/ORDRE_DE_GEDIMINAS
07/06/2010
GEDIMINAS (CA. 1275 WINTER 1341) WAS THE RULER OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA FROM 13161341. HE IS CREDITED WITH FOUNDING THIS POLITICAL ENTITY AND EXPANDING ITS TERRITORY. AS PART OF HIS LEGACY HE OBTAINED A REPUTATION OF BEING AN INVETERATE PAGAN WHO FIERCELY RESISTED ALL ATTEMPTS TO CHRISTIANIZE HIS COUNTRY, ALTHOUGH THE MATTER HAS BEEN DEBATED FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES.
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COLUMNS OF GEDIMINASTHE COLUMNS OF GEDIMINAS OR PILLARS OF GEDIMINAS (LITHUANIAN: GEDIMINAICIU STULPAI) ARE ONE OF THE EARLIEST SYMBOLS OF LITHUANIA AND ONE OF ITS HISTORICAL COATS OF ARMS. THEY WERE USED IN THE GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA, INITIALLY AS A RULERS' PERSONAL INSIGNIA, A STATE SYMBOL, AND LATER AS A PART OF HERALDIC SIGNS OF LEADING ARISTOCRACY. DURING THE PERIOD BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II THEY WERE USED BY THE LITHUANIAN REPUBLIC AS A MINOR STATE SYMBOL, E. G. ON LITAS COINS AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT.
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FOR THE 20TH CENTURY CLAIMANT TO THE LITHUANIAN THRONE, SEE MINDAUGAS II OF LITHUANIA.
MINDAUGAS OF LITHUANIA
KING OF LITHUANIA
MINDAUGAS, AS DEPICTED IN THE CHRONICLES OF ALEXANDER GUAGNINI
REIGN 12361263
TITLES PREVIOUSLY GRAND DUKE OF LITHUANIA
BORN CA. 1200
DIED 12 SEPTEMBER 1263
PREDECESSOR UNKNOWN
SUCCESSOR TRENIOTA
ROYAL HOUSE HOUSE OF MINDAUGAS
MINDAUGAS (CA. 1200 12 SEPTEMBER 1263) WAS THE FIRST KNOWN GRAND DUKE OF LITHUANIA AND THE ONLY KING OF LITHUANIA. LITTLE IS KNOWN OF HIS ORIGINS, EARLY LIFE, OR RISE TO POWER; HE IS MENTIONED IN A 1219 TREATY AS AN ELDER DUKE, AND IN 1236 AS THE LEADER OF ALL THE LITHUANIANS. THE CONTEMPORARY AND MODERN SOURCES DISCUSSING HIS ASCENT MENTION STRATEGIC MARRIAGES ALONG WITH BANISHMENT OR MURDER OF HIS RIVALS. HE EXTENDED HIS DOMAIN INTO REGIONS SOUTHEAST OF LITHUANIA PROPER DURING THE 1230S AND 1240S. IN 1250 OR 1251, DURING THE COURSE OF INTERNAL POWER STRUGGLES, HE WAS BAPTISED AS A ROMAN CATHOLIC; THIS ACTION ENABLED HIM TO ESTABLISH AN ALLIANCE WITH THE LIVONIAN ORDER, A LONG-STANDING ANTAGONIST OF THE LITHUANIANS. DURING THE SUMMER OF 1253 HE WAS CROWNED KING OF LITHUANIA, RULING BETWEEN 300,000 AND 400,000 SUBJECTS.[1]
